Generally, you can direct-bond tile on concrete 28 days after it is poured. There's nothing I'm aware of that requires you to wait longer. There is one exception that allows you to install sooner...much sooner.
Schluter Ditra can be installed over concrete as soon as you can walk on it. I don't think you'll find another product that can meet that standard. You can install tile over Ditra immediately after it's down, although I prefer to wait a day or two to allow a good bond between Ditra and the substrate. Another benefit of Ditra is that it will likely isolate the tile from any cracks that may form in the concrete later. While it's not actually touted as a crack suppression membrane, it will likely serve the same purpose.
If you have significant moisture migration through the slab, it's probably a good idea to cover the seams of Ditra with Kerdi. You can use Kerdi band, as it's thinner and already cut to the proper width, or you can buy regular Kerdi by the foot and cut it into 5" strips. It takes a little extra time, but saves some money. The only downside is that it's twice the thickness of Kerdi band, 8 mils vs. 4 mils.